軟件行業(yè)發(fā)展到今天,國際化問題一直都占據(jù)非常重要的位置,而且應(yīng)該越來越被重視。對于開發(fā)人員而言,在編寫程序之前,國際化問題是首先要考慮的一個(gè)問題,也許有時(shí)候這個(gè)問題已經(jīng)在設(shè)計(jì)者的考慮范圍之內(nèi),但終歸要開發(fā)人員去做實(shí)現(xiàn)的。因此,如何實(shí)現(xiàn)國際化,是開發(fā)人員必須掌握的一項(xiàng)基本技能。
今天,這里要講的就是,在利用C#進(jìn)行WinForm開發(fā)時(shí),國際化是怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)的。鑒于時(shí)間及篇幅關(guān)系,這里僅僅介紹一種簡單的國際化實(shí)現(xiàn)方法,可能這里提到的方法已經(jīng)有非常多人提到過,但筆者還是不厭其煩地介紹一下。
要在C#中實(shí)現(xiàn)國際化,需要相關(guān)資源文件,比如要在一個(gè)軟件中支持英文、中文兩種語言,那么就必須有這兩種語言的資源文件,這在C#中可以采用資源文件(后綴名為.resx)來實(shí)現(xiàn),我們不妨定義英文資源文件名稱為Resource.en-US,中文資源文件名稱為Resource.zh-CN,兩種資源文件所涉及的ID都應(yīng)該是一樣的(這對于其他更多的資源文件均是一樣的),只不過是展示的名稱不同罷了。
有了這兩種資源文件,接下來就要考慮如何做的問題了。為了適應(yīng)多處使用的情形,這里筆者單獨(dú)編寫了一個(gè)類ResourceCulture,該類包含了一些靜態(tài)方法,主要作用是用來設(shè)置當(dāng)前語言及返回當(dāng)前的語言的相關(guān)字符串。該類代碼如下:
using System.Reflection;
using System.Resources;
using System.Threading;
using System.Globalization;
namespace GlobalizationTest
{
class ResourceCulture
{
/// <summary>
/// Set current culture by name
/// </summary>
/// <param name="name">name</param>
public static void SetCurrentCulture(string name)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
{
name = "en-US";
}
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new CultureInfo(name);
}
/// <summary>
/// Get string by id
/// </summary>
/// <param name="id">id</param>
/// <returns>current language string</returns>
public static string GetString(string id)
{
string strCurLanguage = "";
try
{
ResourceManager rm = new ResourceManager("GlobalizationTest.Resource", Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());
CultureInfo ci = Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;
strCurLanguage = rm.GetString(id, ci);
}
catch
{
strCurLanguage = "No id:" + id + ", please add.";
}
return strCurLanguage;
}
}
}
在Form1中的代碼如下:
/**
* This project is just a example to show how to do the globalization in C# winform.
* You and rebuild and/or modify it by yourself if you want.
* Specially, this project was created in Visual Studio 2010.
*
* Project Name : GlobalizationTest
* Create Date : April 29th, 2010
* */
using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace GlobalizationTest
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
/// <summary>
/// Set the resource culture
/// </summary>
private void SetResourceCulture()
{
// Set the form title text
this.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_frmText");
// Set the groupbox text
this.gbLanguageView.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_gbLanguageViewText");
this.gbLanguageSelection.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_gbLanguageSelectionText");
// Set the label text
this.lblCurLanguageText.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_lblCurLanguageText");
this.lblNameText.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_lblNameText");
this.lblPhoneText.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_lblPhoneText");
// Set the button text
this.btnMsgShow.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_btnMsgShowText");
// Set radiobutton text
this.rbEnglish.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_EnglishText");
this.rbChinese.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_ChineseText");
// Set the current language text
if (rbEnglish.Checked)
{
this.lblCurLanguage.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_EnglishText");
}
else if (rbChinese.Checked)
{
this.lblCurLanguage.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_ChineseText");
}
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// Set the default language
ResourceCulture.SetCurrentCulture("en-US");
this.SetResourceCulture();
}
private void btnMsgShow_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(txtName.Text))
{
MessageBox.Show(ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_nameText"), ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_TitleText"),
MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation);
return;
}
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(txtPhone.Text))
{
MessageBox.Show(ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_phoneText"), ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_TitleText"),
MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation);
return;
}
MessageBox.Show(ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_InfoText") + txtName.Text + ", " + txtPhone.Text,
ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_TitleText"), MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
}
private void rbEnglish_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
ResourceCulture.SetCurrentCulture("en-US");
this.SetResourceCulture();
}
private void rbChinese_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
ResourceCulture.SetCurrentCulture("zh-CN");
this.SetResourceCulture();
}
}
}
最終的效果如下圖1和圖2所示:
圖1
歸結(jié)起來,要在C#的WinForm中實(shí)現(xiàn)國際化,至少需要做好以下幾點(diǎn):
(1)準(zhǔn)備所需資源文件(如本文中提到的英文和中文資源文件);
(2)引入命名空間(包括:System.Reflection、System.Resources、System.Threading和System.Globalization);
(3)實(shí)例化資源管理器(即ResourceManager);
(4)設(shè)置當(dāng)前進(jìn)程的語言區(qū)域;
(5)通過資源管理器從指定的資源文件中獲取所需值。
通過上述的方法即可簡單實(shí)現(xiàn)國際化。
該文章在 2021/1/28 14:49:56 編輯過